In addition to the main components, an engine requires several auxiliary systems to function.
These mainly include the intake system (which often contains a turbocharger to improve high-altitude performance, increasing intake pressure), the fuel system, the ignition system (primarily including a high-voltage magneto, power lines, and spark plugs), the starting system (usually an electric starter), the cooling system, and the lubrication system.
Meanwhile, with the continuous development and advancement of internal combustion engine technology, the performance requirements for pistons are constantly increasing. Therefore, future piston design and manufacturing will face even greater challenges and opportunities.

